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Logo & Stationery Design
Glossary
E Company Logos want to provide
you with the most comprehensive information
about
the concepts related to Logo Design and Stationery
design.
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- Panning: A way of
viewing specific areas of a drawing that mimics
the way you might slide a piece of paper around
on a desk
Pantone Color System: Pantone
colors are nothing but premixed inks, like premixed
paints at a paint shop. They are not blended
combinations of other colors like Process colors.
Page makeup: The assemblage of all the necessary
elements required to complete a page.
Paperboard: Any paper with
a thickness (caliper) of 12 points (.3mm) or
more.
Papeterie: A high-grade soft
paper used for personal stationery because it
accepts handwriting well.
Paragraph rules: Graphic lines
associated with a paragraph that separate blocks
of text. Rules are commonly used to separate
columns and isolate graphics on a page. Some
desktop publishing programs allow paragraph
styles to be created that include paragraph
rules above and/or below the paragraph.
Parchment: A hard finished
paper that emulates animal skin; used for documents,
such as awards, that require writing by hand.
Pasteup: the process of preparing mechanicals
-- in traditional publishing, positioning and
pasting type and graphics on a board (and overlays).
In desktop publishing, page-assembly software
enables the user to do electronic pasteup.
Path: The basic component from which
objects are constructed. A path can be open
(for example, a line) or closed (for example,
a circle), and it can be made up of a single
line or curve segment or many joined segments.
Perfecting press: A printing press
that prints on both sides of the page in a single
pass.
Photomechanical: The platemaking
process where plates are coated with photosensitive
coatings and exposed to photo negatives or positives.
Photostat: A photographic print
creating an image using photography and electrostatic
processes; also called a stat.
Pica: A typesetting unit of measurement
equaling 1/6th of an inch.
Pixel (picture element): the smallest unit
that a device can address. Most often refers to
display monitors, a pixel being the smallest spot
of phosphor that can be lit up on the screen.
Plate finish: Any bond, cover
or bristol stock with an extremely smooth finish
achieved by calendaring.
PMT: Photomechanical transfer.
PMS (Pantone Matching System): a standard
color-matching system used by printers and graphic
designers for inks, papers, and other materials.
A PMS color is a standard color defined by percentage
mixtures of different primary inks.
Point: A measurement unit equal
to 1/72 of an inch. 12 points to a pica, 72 points
to an inch.
Positive: Film that contains
an image with the same tonal values as the original;
opposite of a negative. See also negative.
Ppi: Pages per inch.
Premium: Any paper that is considered
better than #1 by its manufacturer.
Primary colors: In printing the
four primary colors are cyan (blue), magenta (red),
yellow and black.
Printability: The quality of
papers to show reproduced printed images.
Printer font: high-resolution bitmaps or
font outline masters used for the actual laying
down of the characters on the printed page, as
opposed to display on the screen.
Process Color System: With Process
color printing, four colors are used (Cyan, Magenta,
Yellow and Black) to reproduce a virtually unlimited
array of colors. With this color system, you can
have virtually unlimited colors in your logo and
not have to pay extra.
Point size: Refers to the measurement
of a size of type. The point size of type is measured
from the top of the tallest ascender (the tallest
letter) to the bottom of the longest descender
(the letter that extends below the baseline).
Portable Document Format (.pdf files):
is a file format designed to preserve fonts, images,
graphics, and formatting of an original application
file. Using Adobe Acrobat Reader and Adobe Acrobat
Exchange, a .pdf file can be viewed, shared, and
printed by PC, UNIX, and Macintosh users.
Portable Network Graphics file format
(.png files): is an excellent file format
for lossless, portable, and well-compressed storage
of raster images. It takes up a minimum amount
of disk space and can be easily read and exchanged
between computers. The PNG format provides a replacement
for the GIF format and can also replace many common
uses of the TIFF format.
Posterization: for a halftone, the reduction
of the number of gray scales to produce a high-contrast
image.
Process color: See four-color
process.
Process color separation: in commercial
printing, used for reproduction of color photographs.
The various hues are created by superimposition
of halftone dots of the process colors: cyan (a
greenish blue), magenta (a purplish red), yellow,
and black.
Proportionally spaced type: a typeface
in which the set width (horizontal space) of characters
is variable, depending on the shape of the character
itself and the characters surrounding it.
Proof: In commercial art and
printing, a mockup from the designer or the printer
that allows the client to review the final layout
and make any necessary changes before the final
piece is printed, produced or published on the
web.
Pull quote: a brief phrase (not necessarily
an actual quotation) from the body text, enlarged
and set off from the text with rules, a box, and/or
a screen. It is from a part of the text set previously,
and is set in the middle of a paragraph, to add
emphasis and interest.
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